Radiation is the form of energy, which can travel in space and matter. Radiation can be categorized into two according to their property of ionization, i.e., ejection of electrons from their orbit. Two kinds of radiations are: ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation. The field of dental science, make use of x-rays which is the type of ionizing radiation, for  there most considerable applications, like identification of Incipient caries, minuscule fractures and precision of implant planning. To comply with the Ionising Radiation Medical Exposure Regulations 2000 Law, any member of staff who conducts exams involving x-rays should be prepared. It was described that ionizing radiation, is the source of changes in the DNA strands of living tissues causing biological effects. Ionising radiation’s impact on living things are congregate into stochastic and deterministic effect. Deterministic impact is the phenomenon in which harmful consequences begin to manifest after exposure to a fixed level of radiation. Stochastic effect is that, where the dose amount above which the body undergoes natural alterations is unspecified.